空间环境诱发水稻多蘖矮秆突变体的筛选与鉴定

对水稻品种丙 95 50 3经空间诱变处理产生的多蘖矮秆突变体R955进行主要农艺性状和矮生性鉴定。结果表明 ,R955在播种至抽穗天数、千粒重、籽粒体积、株型和谷粒着芒特性等性状上与ID 3等 5个已知矮秆基因的多蘖矮源明显不同。R955苗期对GA3反应不敏感 ,其矮生性受隐性矮秆基因控制 ,与d3、d10 、d14 、d17和d2 7基因均不等位。R955株高接近半矮生型 ,单株有效穗数多达 68个 ,株型良好 ,籽粒大小正常 ,在培育多穗型水稻品种上可能具有应用价值。     

观赏植物诱变育种的研究现状和展望

本文综述了观赏植物辐射诱变育种的研究现状,并对花卉辐照诱变的手段、方法、处理材料和适宜辐照剂量、辐照机理与方法及应用作了总结,同时对观赏植物辐射诱变育种存在的问题及发展方向进行了探讨。     

观赏植物养护专用缓释肥在3种植物上的应用研究初报

就一种新型观赏植物养护专用缓释肥在醉蝶花、罗汉松、莞香3种观赏植物上的应用效果进行初步探讨。结果表明:缓释肥可促进3种观赏植物的生长,与复合肥相比,该缓释肥具有肥效慢、肥效持续时间长、肥料利用效率高的特点。试验还发现,适量施用缓释肥可促进醉蝶花开花和延长开花期,且该缓释肥覆土施用要明显优于表土施用。     

NaCl胁迫对羽衣甘蓝生理生化指标的影响

试验采用水培种植的方法研究不同NaCl浓度对羽衣甘蓝幼苗光合色素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响。结果表明:随着NaCl浓度的增加,叶绿素含量总体呈下降趋势;可溶性蛋白质含量、CAT和POD活性随着NaCl浓度的增加先上升后下降;在NaCl浓度为600mmol/L时可溶性蛋白质含量、CAT活性达到最高值,而POD活性则是在NaCl浓度为800mmol/L时达到最高。     

Cloning and Expression of Gene Responsible for High-Tillering Dwarf Phenotype in Indica Rice Mutant gsor23

High-tillering dwarf mutant gsor23 was generated from an indica rice variety Indica9 radiatied by γ-ray. Genetic analysis showed that this phenotype was controlled by one single recessive gene, which was mapped within a physical distance of 386 kb between two insertion-deletion (InDel) markers C1-WT2 and C1-WT4 on the long arm of chromosome 1. There is a known gene D10 within this region, the mutation of which causes high-tillering in rice. Sequence analysis of the D10 allele in gsor23 revealed that the base cytosine (C) at the 404^th position in the coding region was deleted, which would cause frameshift mutation after the 134^th amino acids. The mutation site and indica background of gsor23 were different from the previously reported japonica mutants d10-1 and d10-2. Therefore, gsor23 is a novel allelic mutant of D10 which encodes the carotenoid-cleaving dioxygenase 8 (CCD8), a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the new plant hormone strigolactones (SLs). After treatment with GR24, a synthetic analogue of SLs, the high-tillering phenotype of gsor23 was restored to normal. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that D10 expression was high in roots, but low in leaves. Compared with the wild type Indica9, the expression of the SL biosynthesis gene D10 was upregulated, while genes likely involved in the SL signal transduction pathway such as D3 and D14 were down-regulated in the gsor23 mutant.     

Ex situ Culture of Colonial Marine Ornamental Invertebrates: Concepts for Domestication

The worldwide market for ornamental saltwater invertebrates supplies the needs of millions of aquarium hobbyists, as well as for public exhibition (zoos, aquaria), universities, and research institutions. The large-scale continuous collection of marine organisms is responsible, in many places, for the destruction of habitats, including coral reefs. The perceived expansion of the animal trade further threatens these fragile habitats. In the present paper, several concepts for the domestication of marine ornamental invertebrates (mainly colonial species) are discussed, offering an alternative commercial approach. The major rationale is based on future ex situ propagation, not field collections; a strategy aimed to circumvent the need for wild-harvested animals. This strategy is based on: (1) collection, settlement and metamorphosis of large numbers of larvae from marine organisms or of naturally shed germ cells under aquarium conditions, where survivorship exceeds several orders of magnitude than that in nature; (2) fragmentation of very small pieces (such as the size of a single polyp in colonial corals or blood vessel ampullae in tunicates) for the production of new colonies; (3) the development of replicates and inbred-lines from chosen ornamental species; (4) the use of cryopreservation of larvae and germ cells which will support the supply of material year-round; (5) several concepts for husbandry methods. Some benefits and deficiencies associated with the strategy for ex situ cultures are discussed, revealing its importance to the future of the trade.     

论中国盆景中配件的应用与欣赏

该文引用借鉴中国画论和园林的相关理论原理 ,总结归纳了中国盆景的配件技艺 ,论述其应用与欣赏 .提出了盆景配件应用的原则和方法     

国内外苹果新矮化砧作中间砧对红富士树体生长结果的影响

通过对１２种国内外苹果新砧作中间砧嫁接青富１３，在树体生长、开花坐果、产量、品质、干周比值等方面进行比较，筛选出Ｍａｒｋ、７５－９－３５、Ｓ１９、７５－７－１等几种优于Ｍ２６的新矮化砧。     

Feeding strategies for striped blenny Meiacanthus grammistes larvae

Rotifers and Artemia salina nauplii are the most widely used live prey for newly hatched larvae, but they do not always promote optimal survival and growth. Alternative food sources such as copepods, which bypass these inadequacies and promote adequate growth, are needed and they are viewed with considerable interest by the scientific community. The aim of the present study was to test two different diets [rotifers and A. salina nauplii (group A) and a mixture (group B) of rotifers/Tisbe spp. copepods and A. salina nauplii/copepods] during the larval rearing of the striped blenny Meiacanthus grammistes. The analysis of the survival rate, size (total length and wet weight) and metamorphosis time during the larval phase of this species showed that Tisbe spp. administration can significantly improve larval survival and growth and also reduce the metamorphosis time. The results obtained are related to the fatty acid content of the live prey used and are essential in order to improve the captive production of M. grammistes through a closed system and, in turn, to preserve natural stocks.     

观赏省藤及其繁育方法

省藤(Calamus platyacanthoides Merr.)为棕榈科省藤属(白藤属)常绿藤木。文章介绍了观赏省藤的常见种类及其繁育方法。